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Source — Source: AIR ///Category — GS Paper 1 ///Published — 2026-01-21 ///Exam — Both Prelims and Mains ///Tags — Rapid Fire CA, Quick Facts For Prelims, GS Paper - 1 ///Source — Source: AIR ///Category — GS Paper 1 ///Published — 2026-01-21 ///Exam — Both Prelims and Mains ///Tags — Rapid Fire CA, Quick Facts For Prelims, GS Paper - 1 ///

Source: AIR · GS Paper 1

Birth Centenary of Parbati Giri

Parbati Giri (1926-1995) was a prominent freedom fighter from Odisha who actively participated in the Individual Satyagraha, Quit India Movement and later led humanitarian relief during the 1951 Odisha famine. Her life exemplifies women's active role in the Indian National Movement and the blend of militant nationalism with Gandhian social service, making her relevant for both Prelims facts and Mains analysis.

2026-01-21

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Source: AIR

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Early Life

Born: 19 January 1926, Samlaipadar, Bargarh district, Odisha.
Family Influence: Inspired by nationalist ideas through Congress activities led by her uncle Ramachandra Giri.

Entry into Freedom Struggle

1938: Left home to dedicate herself fully to the freedom struggle through the Indian National Congress.
Adopted Gandhian ideals – khadi, self‑reliance, and constructive social work as a way of life.

Role in National Movements

Individual Satyagraha (1940): Mobilised villagers in Bargarh district.
Khadi Andolan: Promoted the use of khadi and self‑reliance.
Quit India Movement (1942): Led rallies with the tricolour, demonstrating bold patriotism.
Confrontation with British Authority: Challenged the British in Bargarh Court, resulting in two years of imprisonment.

Social Reform & Humanitarian Work

1951 Odisha Famine: Led relief operations, providing food and medical aid.
Prison Reforms: Worked for better conditions and rehabilitation of prisoners.
Leprosy Eradication & Welfare: Actively involved in leprosy eradication programmes and welfare of destitute and marginalized sections.

Legacy & Recognition

Titles: “Mother Teresa of Western Odisha” and “Banhi Kanya” (fire‑brand girl) for her fiery patriotism.
Honorary Doctorate: Awarded by Sambalpur University in 1988.
Death: 17 August 1995.
Significance: Symbolises women’s participation in the freedom struggle, illustrating how regional leaders blended militant nationalism with Gandhian social service – a crucial perspective for understanding the inclusive nature of the Indian National Movement.

Relevance for UPSC

Prelims: Dates, places, movements, and titles are factual points.
Mains: Analysis of women’s role, regional contributions, and the synthesis of political activism with social service.